Typewriting machine



' April 2, 1 9 46. w, G. TUR QUAND 2,397,578

.' TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed 001;. 22, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet l .H INVENTOR William 6. Egan/2d,

I ATTORNEY P 946. w. a. TUR UAND I TYPEWRITING MACHINE :s SheetS-SheeR', 2

Filed Oct. 22, 1943 XXXXXXXXXXXXXX xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx KM Q xx Q uxhnil NVENTOR William 6'- 712 qua/2d BY i K ATTORNEY & \llll llllllllllllllllllllllblll 1E r rrp f 1 L.

Ap 2, 1946- w. GFTURQUAND TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Oct. 22, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 NVENTOR G. fit aalzd ATTORNEY Q lgiam a Patented Apr. 2, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TYPEWRITING MACHINE William G. Turquand, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Underwood Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application October 22, 1943, Serial No. 507,345

16 Claims.

portant advantage being that a writing line can be expeditiously and conveniently shortened or lengthened concomitantly at both ends, in ac-' ccrdance with the length of a letter to be typed, to give such letter a well-balanced, neat appearance, and, therefore, beauty and character.

While thus some of the known prior stop regulating devices, such as the one of said patent to Dobson, facilitate quick conjoint regulation of a plurality of carriage-stops, such devices have the disadvantage that independent stop-regulation is unfeasible, wherefore machines embodying such devices are unsuitable for many classes of work.

With the above in View, it is an object of the invention to provide efiicient and reliably operative means, for conveniently pre-establishing, for different work, either conjointly or separately, a number of different stopping positions for a typewriting machine carriage.

Another object of the invention is to provide reliably operative, conveniently manipulative means for efiiciently pre-establishing the lefthand and right-hand margins in a typewriting machine, at will, either separately or conjointly. M A further object of the invention is to provide margin-regulating means which make it possible to vary either of the margins independently of the other'or to widen or narrow both margins concomitantly.

Also among the objects of the invention is to provide conveniently manipulative means where: by a number of independently regulatable carriage stopping means are efficiently connectable at will for conjoint regulation.

A further object is to provide in combination with a number of independently adjustable carriage stopping means, eflicient connecting devices for rendering said stopping means conveniently adjustable concomitantly, the connecting devices preferably including means to suppress connection of said stopping means whenever such connection is attempted while only one of the stop- Ding means is in a set position.

Still other objects and features of the invention will be apparent upon consideration of the detailed description which follows, as that description is read in the light of the accompanying drawings.

Referring now to these drawings:

Figure l is a fragmentary perspective view of an Underwood portable typewriter together with novel devices for regulating a left and a right margin-stop, either separately or ,conjointly,

Figure 2 is a representation of a typewritten sheet having opposite narrow margins of equal width,

Figure 3 illustrates a typewritten sheet with margins wider than those of Figure 2,

Figure 4 is a sectional side elevation taken substantially alongline 4 indicated in Figure 7,

Figure 5 depicts a typewritten sheet havin opposite margins of different width, 7

Figure 6 is a representation of a typewritten sheet having a group of lines with equal left and right margins and another group with widened left margins,

Figure 7 is a plan view illustrating a typewriter carriage equipped with the novel marginstop regulating mechanism shown in Figure 1,

Figure 8 shows a perspective illustration of certain parts of the margin-stop regulating mechanism of Figures 1 and 7, in a state of separation,

Figure 9 is a sectional side-view taken approximately along line 9 indicated in Figure 7,

Figure 10 is a plan view similar to Figure '2, showing a modified form of the invention,

Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of certain parts of the modified structure seen in Figure 10.

Referring now particularly to Figures 1 and 4, a carriage l5 having a guideway member I6 is mounted for letter-feed and return-movements upon front and rear rails l1 and I8, by means of antifriction elements l9 and 20. The said rails I! and I8 form part of a usual case-shift frame 2] which includes also a rear wall 22 and two opposite side walls 23. From the opposite ends of the carriage guideway member [6 rise a left and 1y mounted thereon is normally in mesh with a gear pinion 28, and a spring-motor 30, through the medium of a flexible band 3!, tends to move the carriage in letter-feed direction. However, movement of the carriage by said spring-motor is controlled by a usual escapement mechanism comprising an escapement wheel 32 which is as sociated with said pinion, and escapement-wheel stepping-dogs 33, the latter being actuated inresponse to each operation of any one of the usual complement t type-keys 34, or the usual spacekey, the latter,- not shown. Said type-keys. actuate typebars, not shown, against the front side of the platen 26, to a common printing point approximate to the usual type-guide designated by the numeral 29. 'For moving the carriagetoany desired position, the rack 21 may. be temporarily released from the pinion 28, ,Whereastheescape ment mechanism 32, 33 may be of a designto permit ready return of the carriage in leftward direction.

Margin stopping devices A preferred embodiment; of: the invention is shown in Figures 1:, 7:, ,8 ,.and 9; according to which, upon the. rear of: the-carriage, see Figures 1-, 4., and 7:, are situated two threaded shaftsvor screws. 35; 36; extending. longitudinally thereof, axially in. line with: the carriage, each shaft being coextensive with about half the length ofthe carriage 15, the shaftsor screws 35301: 36' carr-ying respectively," a, lettz-margin-stop 31 and a right margin-stopand each. stop having an internal: thread:- forthreadedly meshing its associated screwy Eithen of said screws; is turnable uponthe carriage-toadjust the associated margin-stops lengthwise of the carriage, and so that the stops 31, 38 may not turn with the screws, themes-extending along the full length of the carriage a bar iilwherewith each of said.

stops has a keyway engagement as indicated at 41 see especially Figures 1, 4, and '7. Said baris provided with a position indicating scale 46 for thestopsand is fastened at its extreme ends to inturnedflanges ofthe opposite end-plates 24, 2'5,- seeFigure-fl: The stop adjustturning knob 45. The pin 44 extends into a central hole provided in the screw 35 and is secured to the latter by a set screw 46. The rightwardly situated screw 36 ends in an unthreaded section 4! which protrudes through a hole in the right carriage-end 25, the section 41 having a ringlike enlargement 48 fitting turnably in said hole. Just inside of the right end-Plate, 25., the screw 36. has; a,cireumterential,grow/e511; and a. plate til, fastened to the inside of the right end-plate, by screws 52-, or otherwise, reaches into said groove for longitudinal anchorage of the screw 36 to the right-hand carriage end-plate 25. It

will be observed that the structure just described l allows; said, screws. 35, 35 to be turned independ- 7 side the immediate carriage-end a squared pormg screws and. the ban Ml maybe concealed normally by a shroud 49, forming a paper-rest at the introdudtoryside-ofthe ;platen 26 and being-pivotally displaceable; aboutan axis 49 to expose said stops: a-nda'ssociated scaleforinspection,

Referring" now more specifically to Figures 1 and 7; it will be seenthat the; screws 35; 36- are respectively right} and left-- threaded; from which it is evident thatif bothscrews are turned rearwardly, as seem-from t-hetop;;the said-stops 31-, v 38, will move toward; eachother; C onversely, if said screws are turned forwardly; the threads will move the stops-'31; SBaWay'fToI-n each other. The lead of the threads has been chosen so that for each one-quarter turn of either of the screws, the associated" stop is shifted one letter-feed step, which in a typewriter of standard construction is f inch, The; threads of the screws are preferahly square incrossesection and maybe quadruple asshown. As maybe seen fromFigures 1 an '7: s idstops 3 38 ves onus 3i and 38 respectively; which lugsfare'both'in cooperati e ranee ith qun i r t p Wa d respectively adaptedfprengagementtherewith to estabi hin b e nni sa idi he ndi e line- The leftwardly situated screw 35 has athin sha te tension. 2' re ching, a t y throu a entr here #31111 he. scr w. to. the. u s

i; th .v risi rhand; 'carr e rendi-p t he leitendiof the screw 35 ispiyotedin; the end- 7 late 1.4. by, means of? a-;p in 4A which on the outside of the end plate is enlarged into a screw-' tion' 513,;- each such portion being pinched resiliently between two legs of a leaf spring 54, said springs acting upon said squ'areportions to detent the screws yieldingly infour-difierent rota:- tive positions, it being'remembered herethat the lead for each of the stop adjusting SCI'GWSiSJfi;

inch for every quarter turn. If; therefore, the screws are turnedtd successively detentedpositions, the stops will be adjusted in. increments equal to theletter-feed; pitchofthe carriage;

On the said unthreaded end 41: of? the screw 35; on the outside of the carriage; end-plater25, there is provided a. screw turning knob. 56: in the form of a sleeve. This sleeve or knobfitsisai'd unthreaded end 21- for; axial: sliding movement thereon, but is joined for rotation with: the screw 36 by means of-"a screw 5 having. a head fitting a slot 56 in the sleeve, said slot allowing limited sliding movement of the knob 56'. In the position seen in Figure 7; the-knohwhenturned; rotates the stopadjusting screw 38: without turning the otherstopadjusting screw3-51 If; however, the

knob orsleeve 5 6 1s moved towardthe carriageend 25 the two'screwsbecome firmly clutched for concomitant rotation, and: therefore for; concomitant adjustment of both: the: margin-stops 35. 36; More specifically; the-shaft-extensionlt has fastened thereto, at its right end, a toothed'iclutch member 61?; see Figures-'7 and 8;which when-the knob'orsleeve 564s movedtowa'rd theend plate 25, becomes meshed i'n-positiveinterlocktwith a congruent interior of an internal clutch-flange 65 of the sleeve orknob 5E: Stated' mQrein-detail, the said clutch member and theinterior of theflangefil-j are both square, andarealwaysin matchingpositions whenthe screws 35, 36- are detented by the: springs. 54 bearing against the-squared portions 5 3 of the screws. Fromalthis it should be clear that. the connection, of; said screws can neverbaeifectedfiifthe screws. are-relative to eachothenfout: of: step. In: otherfwords, therclutch 6d ELI is; constructed: tosuppresssconnection Qf'the screws 3,5,;35;whenever-such con-- nection is attempted while only Oll'QiQf: the;1 atter is in aset, or deten-tedposition; The sleeve or knobis detented in either-- of its, longitudinally into either of two internal cavitie fill' provided inthe sleeve :55, 7

It, should be noted'thatthe ring -likeenlargement 48 issornewhatlarger than thej diameter of" the knob- 56; thereby to facilitate: assembly of the dual screw-unit 35% 3t byintroduction of th'e I capable of some leftward, lengthwise displacement by the right-hand margin-stop 38 as the typing progresses to a. certain line-end position, in order to actuate a line-end key-locking mechanism. A spring 61, attached to a downwardly extending ear on the right end of the lever. 65, exerts constantly an upward and rightward pull on the lever, maintaining it normally in the position shown in Figure 1. No displacement of the lever 65 takes place if the left margin-stop 31 is moved rightwardly against the counterstop 39, such engagement being solely effective to arrest the carriage in the desired returned position. Said lever 65 in being displaced by the stop 38 actuates an upright lever 68 pivoted upon the rear wall 2|, the lower end of which in turn swings forwardly a key-locking bail 18 through the medium of a bell crank H and a resilient link 12. When so. swung forwardly, the bail assumes a position under the rearwardly projecting lugs 13 of the various type-key levers 34, thereby looking these keys against effective actuation.

The lever 65, by reason of the pin and slot joint 66, is also rockable to move the counterstop 39 out of cooperative relation with both of the margin-stops 31, 38, thereby to allow movement of the carriage and typing to either side of the marginal positions defined by the stops 31, 38. Such rocking of the lever 65 is conveniently effected through actuation of a margin release key 14 which comprises the forward apex of a link 15 that is articulated to a spring-restored bell crank 16, the latter of which includes an arm 11 underlying the left end of the counterstop-bearing lever 65.

An audible line-end signalling device is also provided, which gives the operator a warning of the approach of the line-end at a given, constant number of letter-feed spaces, say four spaces, ahead of the position in which the typekeys become locked. This signalling device may comprise, a pivoted bell clapper 18 for striking a bell 88, and a one-way acting actuating dog 8I for said clapper, pivotally carried on the latter. As the carriage I approaches the line-end defined by the margin-stop 38, the dog 8I, together with the clapper at first is idly displaced leftwardly, but as the carriage progresses a little further, the line-end margin-stop 38 clears the dog 8|, with the result that the spring 61 causes the clapper 18 to strike the bell 88. During the return of the carriage, the dog 8| swings idly on the clapper.

Modification illustrated in Figures and 11, comprising two parallel stop-adjusting screws 84 and 85, each being approximately equivalent in length with the e over-all length of the, carriage l5. These stopadjusting screws are 'preferablythreaded in the same direction so that opposite turning is required to effect opposite adjustment of the margin stops 86, 81 wherewith said screws are respectively associated. Said stops 86, 81, as indicated in Figure 18, have downwardly reaching ears 86 and 81 situated in line with a counterstop 39 similar to the one hereinbefore described. In like manner, as the stops 31, 38, the stops 86, 81 have each a keyway formation 9I providing for their adjustment lengthwise of the carriage along a bar 92, the bar in the present construction, however, being in the form of an inverted channel, and the keyway formations of the, respective stops being in straddling, sliding engagement with the opposite sides of the channel. Furthermore, similarly to the bar 48 of Figure 7, the upwardly facing side of the bar 92 has scalemarkings 93 for indicating the respective positions. of the stops 86, 81.

The left end of the screw 84 ends in a pivot pin 94 extending through the end-plate 24 and having fastened thereon a screw-turning knob 95. At the right end, the screw 84 is turnably supported in the carriage-end 25 by means of a shoulder stud 96 extending from without through the end-plate, into a central hole of the screw, a set screw 91 being provided for fastening the stud to the screw. The left end of the marginstop adjusting screw 85 is pivoted upon the left carriage-end 24 by means of a shouldered screw 98, whereas the right end has a pivot pin I88 fastened therein,; which pivot pin, on the outside of the carriage-endrplate 25 is enlarged into a gear I8I. This gear is turnable by a knob I82 which is preferably carried rotatably on the aforementioned stud 96, the knob I82 having a gear I83 meshing the gear I8I. In the position of the parts seen in Figure 10, the knob is freely turnable onthe stud 86 in order to turn the screw 85 independently of the screw 84. However, the knob is axially shiftable toward the carriageend-plate 25, and when so shifted will become positively clutched with the stud 96 through interfitting engagement 'of a square-holed internalrim I84. of the knob I82 with a squareshaped head I85 on the stud 96. In such clutched condition the knob I82 is operable to turn both the screws 84, 85 concomitantly, the adjustment of the stops 86, 81 being then either toward or away from each other, depending on the direction in which the knob is turned. So that the knob may be set in either its clutched or unclutched position, the stud 96 may have in a transverse hole I 86 thereof a coil spring I81 pressing two oppositely disposed detent pins I88 resiliently againstthe interior of the knob I82, the latter having two internal circular detenting grooves I89 for engagement by said pins. Since said grooves are circular, the knob, of course, is turnable in either of its two axially adjusted positions. The knob, as seen in Figure 11, may have a hole II2 wherethrough the pins I88 and the spring 5 I81 may, be introduced during the process of assembly of the knob on the stud 96. To prevent injury of the operators fingers by the gears I8I, I83, the latter may be contained in a housing II8 attached to the outer side of the end-plate 25. Stepwise adjustment of either screw in agreement with the letter- I feed pitch of the carriage, either individually or together, is assured by springs III cooperating with squared left-ends of the margin-adjusting screws, it being understood that the knob I82 is. always clutchabl's. totheihead'; ofi theesaai'd. stud 96- when: both. the: stop-adjusting SGIEWSIBIE' in fully d'eterrted positions.

It will be. ol'iserve d firomlEignre I05 thaatha two turning knobs. 955.. I412 ion the: screws- 814;;E5- are; ona: common; axis: andfthat 86;,whether; shiited individuallyor concornitantli; with; the stop 81-, will be shifted in: the. same .dinectiomby corresponding directional turning oteithen Offth'fi knobs. Furthermore, individual tummng oflthe knobs 9-5. I62: inthe same direction: willi'adiust the steps 86, 8? in opposite: directions; Such organization of the control mechanism ion the twostopsavoi'dscon fusionlimtheaoperatons mind ast'o the direction in which to. tum eaacllnofi the knobs to effect: the desired stopi adjustments;

Most typing: domain a days Wonk: by'the. aver;- age typist consists: of letter vlxritingand. it will be seenthat for such workthe. inventiomprovides for quick and convenient adjustment of both margins in consideration of." the lengtlnof the text to be accommodated on the worksheet.

- In this connection compare the ty-ped sheetsof.

Figures 2 -and 3'. on theother handzthe useful.- ness of the machine for'doing all: kinds ofi other work of a more special? nature requiring: independent adjustment ofithe-stops is not destroyed; it being always possible to set the machine for unequal margins; for example, such as are illustrated in Figure 52 Also; an operaton is enabled toconveniently-- offset a-"paragraph as seen: in Figure 6; by independent: adjustment at oneof the margin-stops. Furthermore, in: the case; of the structure shown in Eigures I0 and 1 1 the lef-t and the ri'ght margin may beestablished any desired position alongthe-full widthof the sheet.

While-the mechanism hereinshown and described is adm-irably adapted to fulfill the ob jects stated, it is to beunderstood it is not intended to confine the invention to the forms or-embodimentsherein described; for'it i's'susceptible ofembodiment in various-forms, all coming witl'iin the scope of the claims which follow What is claimed is: V

1. In a typewriting machine-having arcanriage movable on a frame, two adjustable stop-means for; said carriage; each" constructed for adjustment to and retention independently oft-heather in a plurality of different settings for stopping the carriage in different positions; said stopmeans including each amember parta/kihgin the settings thereof and extendinglengthwise ofthe carriage, and means to connect and disconnect operativelysaid two members and therefore said two stop-means, respectively ior concomitant or independent settings-of thetwo stop means.

2. In a-typewriting machine having a carriage movable on a frame; twostop-means for said carriage adapted for settings independently of iustabla by? said control. meansand; adapted, by. indiwidual adiustment. thereof, to set said stops individually and: means for opetatively: connecting the said two setting-means at will for con.- ioint settings of bothsaid stops;

'14s, Imatypewriting; machine having a carriage movables on. a. frame; a left and: a right marginregulating; stop, means for each, of said stops to set them: independently ofeach other-to different margindefining; positions, said setting means ineluding each: a, member extending lengthwise of theicarriage; and partaking in the settings of the setting. means,, andj means for operativelyconnectingithe said-.twosetting-means at will-.for conjoint; setting ofboth. said stops toward.- or away fhomeaclt other.v a

5:. In; a typewriting machine; having, acarriage. motvablejonazframehtwo rotatively settablemeans, both axially disposed lengthwise oi the. carriage and. notativelye settable. independently of each cthezctoaplunalityoi positions, stop-means. associatedwith: each one. of said settable-means and being:v adjustable to different. canriage; stopping pnsitionsby'the rotative: settings of the rotatively settable' means; and means to connect and disconnect: said two settable-means respectively for concomitant or independent settings, and, consequentlytor concomitant or-independent. adjust.- ments of said two stop-means;

6;. In a typewriting machine having a carriage movable. on; a. frame,v twoi carriage-arresting stops adjustable: in parallel; tothe; carriage;, screwmeans; for each of; said stops to, adjust them indi vi'xiuallyto: different, carriage stopping positions, andmeansato. connect said two screw-means at will for concomitant: adiustment of both. said 7 stops.

7;. Ina-.typawriting machine having a carriage movable. on: a; flame; two carriage-arresting stops adiustable in: panallel to the; carriage," screwmeans for; each of said'stops, turnable to, adjust saidistops individuallyto: difierent carriagestopping: positions, means: to; detent individually each of said screw-means in different turned positions that give. said stops-said difierent. carriage stopping. positions;, and; means. to: connect saidtwo screw-means at will for. concomitant adjustment of both. said stops. toward; and. away from. each other..

8: In; a. typewititing. machine: having; a; carriage movable on a frame, a; leftand a right-hand margin stop, two; coaxial, adjacent, oppositely threadedscrew-means=,, each screw-means being threadedly associated with one of. said; stops, and rotatably to adjustsuch stop to; different margindefining positions, andmeans to clutch. and unclutcha said; two; screw means at will: for unitary on independent: rotation,v said, two; screw-means when. clutcheda providing" for: unitary rotation. of the two. screw-mans. amt. therefore, for: concomitant adjustment of said; stops toward or away from each other.

9. In a typewriting; machine having a carriage movable. on a. frame,. a leftand a right-hand margin stop,v two, coaxial; adiaceirit,v oppositely threaded screwseach. screw being, threadedly associated with one, of said stops and. rotatable to adjust. such. stops to different margin-defining positions a. shaft for. turning one 'of the screws extending. therefrom through a, central bore in theother. screw, and. clutch. means, for connect..- ing, the'outer'. end of said. shaft atwill' with said other. screw...

10.1. In atypewritingmachinehaving a carriage movable. on a frame,,a. leftand an right-hand margin stop, two coaxial, adjacent, oppositely threaded screws, each screw being threadedly associated with one of said stops and rotatable to adjust such stops to different margin-defining positions, a shaft for turning one of the screws extending therefrom through a central bore in the other screw, and clutch means for connecting the outer end of said shaft at will with said other screw, said last means including a screwturning knob coaxially mounted with said screws and shiftable axially to clutch and unclutch the said shaft from the said other screw.

11. In a typewriting machine having a carriage movable on a frame, two adjustable stop-means for said carriage, each stop-means comprising for adjustment thereof to specific stopping positions a member rotatively settable in uniform angular increments to difi'erent positions, and means to connect and disconnect the two set table members respectively for concomitant or independent settings, said last means including means to suppress connection of the two members whenever connection is attempted while only one of said members is in a set position.

12. In a typewriting machine having a carriage movable on a frame, two adjustable stop-means for said carriage, each stop-means comprising for adjustment thereof to specific stopping positions a member rotatively settable in uniform angular increments to different positions, and means to connect and disconnect the two settable members respectively for concomitant or independent settings, said last means comprising a clutch having complementarily toothed clutch members adapted to be meshed in positive interlock whenever both said settable members occupy set positions.

13. In a typewriting machine having a carriage movable on a frame, a left and a right margindeflning stop adjustable in parallel with the carriage, two substantially coextensive parallel screws, each screw being threadedly associated with one of said stops and rotatably mounted to adjust such stop to different margin-defining positions, and manipulative means to turn said screws either separately or concomitantly for independent or concomitant adjustment of said stops, said last means including a turnable knob adapted to be shifted axially for operatively connecting said two screws and turning them concomitantly.

14. In a typewriting machine having a carriage movable on a frame, a left and a right margin-defining stop adjustable in parallel position with the carriage, two substantially coextensive, parallel screws, each screw being threadedly associated with one of said stops and rotatable for adjusting such stop to different margin-defining positions, gear means for transmitting stop- 7 adjusting motion between the said screws for concomitant stop-adjusting rotation of both screws, and means to render said gear means effective or inefiective at will, for concomitant or independent stop-adjusting rotation of said screws.

15. In a typewriting machine having a carriage movable on a frame, two carriage-arresting stops, a screw threadedly associated with each stop and rotatively settable in uniform increments for adjusting such stop to different, equally spaced margin-defining positions, means to connect said screws for concomitant adjustment of both said stops to different margin-defining positions, said last means including means to suppress connection of the screws whenever connection is attempted while only one of the screws is in a set position.

16. In a typewriting machine having a carriage movable on a frame, two adjustable stopmeans for said carriage, each stop-means comprising for adjustment thereof a member settable in uniform increments to different positions which variably control the position of arrest for the carriage, and means to connect and disconnect the two settable members respectively for concomitant or independent settings, said last means including means to suppress connection of the two members whenever connection is attempted while only one of said members is in a set position.

WILLIAM G. TURQUAND. 

